Зразок математичного рівняння

$$x=(-b+-sqrt(b^2-4ac))/(2a)$$

$$x=(-b+-sqrt(b^2-4ac))/(2a)$$

Розділювачі

Для формул у тексті відділимо її $…$. Для відображення формули в окремому рядку використаємо $$…$$.
Формула $\sum_{i=0}^n i^2 = \frac{(n^2+n)(2n+1)}{6}$
буде виглядати $\sum_{i=0}^n i^2 = \frac{(n^2+n)(2n+1)}{6}$.
А так виглядатиме ця формула

$$\sum_{i=0}^n i^2 = \frac{(n^2+n)(2n+1)}{6}$$

$$\sum_{i=0}^n i^2 = \frac{(n^2+n)(2n+1)}{6}$$

Грецькі символи

Використовуємо \alpha, \beta, \omega для $\alpha$, $\beta$, $\omega$. Для верхнього регістру, використовуємо \Gamma, \Delta, \Omega для $\Gamma$, $\Delta$, $\Omega$. Для інших грецьких заголовних літер, використовуємо латинські A,B,EA, B, E, тощо. Деякі грецькі літери мають варіанти написання: \epsilon, \varepsilon $\epsilon$, $\varepsilon$.

Нижній і верхній індекси

Use ^ and _. For example, x_i^2 for $x_i^2$, \log_2 x for $log_2 x$.

Групи

Superscripts, subscripts, and other operations apply only to the next “group”. A “group” is either a single symbol, or any formula surrounded by curly braces {…}. If you do 10^10, you will get a surprise: $10^10$. But 10^{10} gives what you probably wanted: $10^{10}$. Use curly braces to delimit a formula to which a superscript or subscript applies: x^5^6 is an error; {x^y}^z is $xyz{x^y}^z$, and x^{y^z} is $xyzx^{y^z}$. Observe the differences between x_i^2 $x_{i^2}$, xi2x_{i^2} and ${x_i}^2$.

Дужки

Ordinary symbols ()[] make parentheses and brackets $(2+3)[4+4]$. Use \{ and \} for curly braces ${}$

These do not scale with the formula in between, so if you write (\frac{\sqrt x}{y^3}) the parentheses will be too small: $(\frac{\sqrt x}{y^3})$. Using \left(…\right) will make the sizes adjust automatically to the formula they enclose: \left(\frac{\sqrt x}{y^3}\right) is $\left(\frac{\sqrt x}{y^3}\right)$.
\left and\right apply to all the following sorts of parentheses: ( and ) $(x)$, [ and ] $[x]$, \{ and \} $\{ x \}$, | $|x|$, \vert $\vert x \vert$, \Vert $\Vert x \Vert$, \langle and \rangle $\langle x \rangle$, \lceil and \rceil $\lceil x \rceil$, and \lfloor and \rfloor $\lfloor x \rfloor$. \middle can be used to add additional dividers. There are also invisible parentheses, denoted by .: \left.\frac12\right\rbrace is $\left.\frac12\right\rbrace$.

Суми та інтеграли

\sum and \int; the subscript is the lower limit and the superscript is the upper limit, so for example \sum_1^n $\sum_1^n$. Don’t forget {…} if the limits are more than a single symbol. For example, \sum_{i=0}^\infty i^2 is $\sum_{i=0}^\infty i^2$. Similarly, \prod $\prod$, \int
$\int$, \bigcup $\bigcup$, \bigcap $\bigcap$, \iint $\iint$, \iiint $\iiint$, \idotsint $\idotsint$.

Дроби

There are three ways to make these. \frac ab applies to the next two groups, and produces $\frac ab$; for more complicated numerators and denominators use {…}: \frac{a+1}{b+1} is $\frac{a+1}{b+1}$. If the numerator and denominator are complicated, you may prefer \over, which splits up the group that it is in: {a+1\over b+1} is ${a+1\over b+1}$. For continued fractions, use \cfrac instead of \frac.

Шрифти

• Use \mathbb or \Bbb for “blackboard bold”: $\mathbb{CHNQRZ}$.
• Use \mathbf for boldface
  $\mathbf{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}$$\mathbf{abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz}$
• For expression based characters, use \boldsymbol instead: $\boldsymbol{\alpha}$
• Use \mathit for italics: $\mathit{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}$$\mathit{abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz}$
• Use \pmb for boldfaced italics: $\pmb{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}$$\pmb{abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz}$
• Use \mathtt for “typewriter” font: $\mathtt{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}$$\mathtt{abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz}$
• Use \mathrm for roman font: $\mathrm{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}$$\mathrm{abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz}$
• Use \mathsf for sans-serif font: $\mathsf{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}$$\mathsf{abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz}$
• Use \mathcal for “calligraphic” letters: $\mathcal{ ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}$ (Uppercase only)
• Use \mathscr for script letters: $\mathscr{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}$$\mathscr{abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz}$
• Use \mathfrak for “Fraktur” (old German style) letters: $\mathfrak{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}$$\mathfrak{abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz}$

Корені та степені

Use sqrt, which adjusts to the size of its argument: \sqrt{x^3} $\sqrt{x^3}$; \sqrt[3]{\frac xy} $\sqrt[3]{\frac xy}$. For complicated expressions, consider using {...}^{1/2} instead.

Спеціальні функції

Such as “lim”, “sin”, “max”, “ln”, and so on are normally set in roman font instead of italic font. Use \lim, \sin, etc. to make these: \sin x $\sin x$, not sin x $sin x$. Use subscripts to attach a notation to \lim: \lim_{x\to 0} $$\lim_{x\to 0}$$

Nonstandard function names can be set with \operatorname{foo}(x) $\operatorname{foo}(x)$.

Спеціальні символи та позначення

There are a very large number of special symbols and notations, too many to list here; see the exhaustive listing The Comprehensive LATEX. Some of the most common include

• \lt \gt \le \leq \leqq \leqslant \ge \geq \geqq \geqslant \neq $\lt$, $\gt$, $\le$, $\leq$, $\leqq$, $\leqslant$, $\ge$, $\geq$, $\geqq$, $\geqslant$, $\neq$. You can use \not to put a slash through almost anything: \not\lt $\not\lt$ but it often looks bad.
• \times \div \pm \mp $\times$, $\div$, $\pm$, $\mp$. \cdot is a centered dot: $x\cdot y$.
• \cup \cap \setminus \subset \subseteq \subsetneq \supset \in \notin \emptyset \varnothing $\cup$, $\cap$, $\setminus$, $\subset$, $\subseteq$, $\subsetneq$, $\supset$, $\in$, $\notin$, $\emptyset$, $\varnothing$.
• {n+1 \choose 2k} or \binom{n+1}{2k} ${n+1 \choose 2k}$
• \to \gets \rightarrow \leftarrow \Rightarrow \Leftarrow \mapsto \implies \iff $\to$, $\gets$, $\rightarrow$, $\leftarrow$, $\Rightarrow$, $\Leftarrow$, $\mapsto$, $\implies$, $\iff$.
• \land \lor \lnot \forall \exists \top \bot \vdash \vDash $\land$, $\lor$, $\lnot$, $\forall$, $\exists$, $\top$, $\bot$, $\vdash$, $\vDash$.
• \star \circledast \ast \oplus \circ \bullet $\star$, $\circledast$, $\ast$, $\oplus$, $\circ$, $\bullet$.

Пробіли

MathJax usually decides for itself how to space formulas, using a complex set of rules. Putting extra literal spaces into formulas will not change the amount of space MathJax puts in: a␣b and a␣␣␣␣b are both $ab$. To add more space, use \, for a thin space $a,b$; \; for a wider space $a;b$. \quad and \qquad are large spaces: $a\quad b, $a\qquad b$.

To set plain text, use \text{…}: ${x\in s\mid x\text{ is extra large}}$. You can nest $…$ inside of \text{…}, for example to access spaces.

Діакритичні позначки

Use \hat for a single symbol $\hat x$, \widehat for a larger formula $\widehat{xy}$. If you make it too wide, it will look silly. Similarly, there are \bar $\bar x$ and \overline $\overline{xyz}$, and \vec $\vec x$ and \overrightarrow $\overrightarrow{xy}$ and \overleftrightarrow $\overleftrightarrow{xy}$. For dots, as in $\frac d{dx}x\dot x = \dot x^2 + x\ddot x$, use \dot and \ddot.

Спеціальні символи

Used for MathJax interpreting can be escaped using the \ character: \$ $
\$, \{ {\{, \} }\}, \_ _\_, \# #\#, \& &\&. If you want \ itself, you should use \backslash (symbol) or \setminus (binary operation) for ∖\backslash, because \\ is for a new line.